Custom blocks are cloud jobs that can be hosted and used on Edge Impulse. They serve a dedicated task, are extremely flexible, let you customize your experience and fasten your time-to-market.

• Creating a transformation block - to fetch, sort, validate, combine and transform existing data into robust datasets that can be imported into your projects.

• Building and hosting custom DSP blocks - to create and host your custom signal processing techniques and use them directly in your projects.

• Create a custom learning block - to use your custom models and load pre-trained weights with PyTorch, Keras or scikit-learn.

• Building deployment blocks - to create custom deployment targets for your products.

Your Edge Impulse Organization enables your team to collaborate on multiple datasets, automation, and models in a shared workspace. It provides tools to automate data preparation tasks with reusable pipelines, enabling data transformation, preparation, and analysis of sensor data at scale. Allowing anyone in your team to quickly access relevant data through familiar tools, add versions and add traceability to your machine learning models, and lets you quickly create and monitor your Edge Impulse projects for optimal on-device performance.

To get started, follow these guides:

• User management - to add collaborators with different access rights.

• Data campaigns - to track and visualize all your metrics over time.

• Data - to connect a storage bucket, to learn how to deal with such complex data infrastructure and to import your data samples into your projects.

• Data pipelines - to chain several transformation blocks and to import data into your projects.

• Data transformations - to run your transformation blocks and get an overview of the running jobs.

• Upload portals - to allow external parties to securely contribute data to your datasets.

• Custom blocks - to match any specific use cases using dedicated cloud jobs.

Usage metrics

Existing enterprise users or enterprise trial users can view their entitlement limits via the dashboard of their enterprise organization:

This view allows you to see your organization's current usage of total users, projects, compute time and storage limits. To increase your organization's limits, select the Request limit increase button to contact sales.

The "data campaigns" feature allows you to quickly track your experiments and your models' development progresses. It is an overview of your pipelines where you can easily extract useful information from your datasets and correlate those metrics with your model performances.

It has been primarily designed to follow clinical research data processes. In August 2023, we released this feature for every enterprise user as we see value in being able to track metrics between your datasets and your projects.

Setting up your dashboard

To get started, navigate to the Data campaigns tab in your organization:

Click on + Create new dashboard.

Give your dashboard a name, and select one or more collaborators to receive the daily updates by email. If you don't want to be spammed, you can select when you want to receive these updates, either Always, On new data, changes or on error, or Never. Finally, set the last number of days shown in the graphs:

You can create as many dashboards as needed, simply click on + Create a new dashboard from the dropdown available under your current dashboard:

If you want to delete a dashboard, Click on Actions... -> Delete dashboard

Setting up your campaign

Once your dashboard is created, you can add your custom campaigns. It's where you will specify which metrics are important to you and your use case. Click on Actions... -> Add campaign

Fill the form to create your campaign:

Name: Name of your data campaign.

Description: Description of your data campaign.

Campaign coordinators: Add the collaborators that are engaged with this campaign

Datasets: Select the datasets you want to visualize in your campaign. You can add several datasets.

Projects: Select the projects you want to visualize in your campaign. You can add several projects.

Pipelines: Select the pipeline that is associated with your campaign. Note that this is for reference only, it is currently not displayed in your campaign

Links: Select between the link type you need. Options are Github, Spreadsheet, Text Document, Code repository, List or Folder. Add a name and the link. This place is useful for other collaborators to have all the needed information about your project, gathered in one place under your campaign.

Addition queries to track: These queries are data filters that need to be written in the SQL WHERE format. See Querying data for more information. For example metadata->age >= 18` will return the data samples from adult patients.

You can then save your data campaign and it will be added to your dashboard:

This dashboard shows the metrics' progress from the Health reference design data

If you want to edit or delete your campaign, click on the "⋮" button on the right side of your campaign:

Within an organization you can work on one or more projects with multiple people. These can be colleagues, outside researchers, or even members of the community. They will only get access to the specific data in the project, and not to any of the raw data in your organizational datasets.

To invite a user in an organization, click on the "Add user button, enter the email address and select the role:

Organization Users vs Project Users

It is important to note that there are two types of users in Edge Impulse: Project Users and Organization Users.

Organization Users, typically holding roles like Admin, are responsible for the overarching management and customization of organizational elements, including datasets, storage buckets, and white label attributes. These users also encompass the capabilities of Project Users.

Conversely, Project Users, often in roles such as Member or Guest, are limited to specific project involvement, focusing on collaboration and contributions at the project level, without access to broader organizational management functions. They are granted access only to certain project data to maintain the security of raw data in organizational datasets.

Organization User Roles

For a more granular look at the capabilities of each role, see the table below:

Admin

Admins have full rights on the organization, overseeing organizational and white label functionalities, including dataset management and storage bucket updates. They also have all the rights of a Project Member.

• Full Rights on the Organization

• Project User rights

• Manage organization datasets

• Update and add storage buckets

• Verify bucket connectivity

• Customize white label (where applicable) attributes like themes and information

• API access for organization and white label management

Member

Members have full access on the datasets, custom blocks but cannot join a project without being invited.

• Broad Access, with Restrictions on Project Joining

• Project User rights

• Full access to datasets and custom blocks

• Can collaborate on projects, but only by invitation

• Can access metrics via API

Guest

Guests have restricted access, limited to selected datasets within the projects they are associated with.

• Limited Access to Selected Datasets

• Project User rights

• Access to selected datasets within the project they are invited to

• Cannot access raw data in organizational datasets

• Cannot access metrics via API

To give someone access to a project only, go to your project's dashboard, and find the "Collaborators" widget. Click the '+' icon, and type the username or e-mail address of the other user.

Transformation blocks are very flexible and can be used for most advanced use cases.

They can either take raw data from your organizational datasets and convert the data into files that can be loaded in an Edge Impulse project/another organizational dataset. But you can also use the transformation blocks as cloud jobs to perform specific actions using standalone mode.

Transformation blocks are available in your organization pipelines and in your project pipelines so you can automate your processes.

You can use transformation blocks to fetch external datasets, augment/create variants of your data samples, generate synthetic datasets, extract metadata from config files, create helper graphs, align and interpolate measurements across sensors, or remove duplicate entries. The possibilities are endless.

Transformation blocks can be written in any language, and run on Edge Impulse infrastructure.

Run transformation blocks

You can run your transformation blocks as transformation jobs. They can be triggered:

from your organization:

• From this view, Custom blocks->Transformation

• From the Data transformation

• From the Data pipelines

from your projects:

• From the Data sources (Standalone transformation blocks only)

Public blocks

By default, we provide several pre-built transformation blocks that you can use directly in your organization or your organization's projects.

We will add more over time when we see a recurring need or interest. The current ones are the following:

• DALL-E 3 Image Generation Block

• Find best Visual AD model

• Whisper Voice Synthesis Block

• Label data using GPT-4o

Understanding the transformation blocks

A transformation block consists of a Docker image that contains one or several scripts. The Docker image is encapsulated in the transformation block with additional parameters.

Here is a minimal configuration for the transformation blocks:

In this documentation page, we will explain how to setup a transformation block and will explain the different options.

Import existing transformation blocks

You can directly create your transformation block within Edge Impulse Studio from a public Docker image or import existing transformation blocks:

To run the data transformation jobs, see the Data transformation documentation page.

Setting up transformation blocks

To setup your block, an easy method is to use the Edge Impulse CLI command, edge-impulse-blocks init:

$> edge-impulse-blocks init 

Edge Impulse Blocks v1.21.1
? In which organization do you want to create this block? 
❯ Developer Relations 
  Medical Laboratories inc.
  Demo Team 
Attaching block to organization 'Developer Relations'
? Choose a type of block
❯ Transformation block 
  Deployment block 
  DSP block 
  Machine learning block
? Choose an option: 
❯ Create a new block 
  Update an existing block 
? Enter the name of your block: Generate helper graphs from sensor CSV
? Enter the description of your block: Transformation block to help you visualize what how your sensor time series data look like by creating a graph from the CSV files
? What type of data does this block operate on? 
  File (--in-file passed into the block) 
  Data item (--in-directory passed into the block) 
❯ Standalone (runs the container, but no files / data items passed in)
? Which buckets do you want to mount into this block (will be mounted under /mnt/s3fs/BUCKET_NAME, you can change these mount points in the Studio)?
(Press <space> to select, <a> to toggle all, <i> to invert selection)
❯ ◉ edge-impulse-devrel-team
  ◯ ei-datasets
❯ yes 
  no 

Tip: If you want to access your bucket, make sure to press <space> to select the bucket attached to your organization.

The step above will create the following .ei-block-config in your project directory:

{
    "version": 1,
    "config": {
        "edgeimpulse.com": {
            "name": "Generate graphs from sensor CSV - Standalone",
            "type": "transform",
            "description": "Generate graphs from sensor CSV - Standalone",
            "organizationId": XXXX,
            "operatesOn": "standalone",
            "transformMountpoints": [
                {
                    "bucketId": 3096,
                    "mountPoint": "/mnt/s3fs/edge-impulse-devrel-team"
                }
            ],
            "id": 5086
        }
    }
}

To push your transformation block, simply run edge-impulse-blocks push.

Dockerfile

At Edge Impulse, we mostly use Python, Javascript/Typescript and Bash scripts, but you can write your transformation blocks in any language.

Dockerfile example to trigger a Bash script:

FROM ubuntu:latest

WORKDIR /app

# Copy the bash script into the container
COPY hello.sh /hello.sh

# Make the bash script executable
RUN chmod +x /hello.sh

# Set the entrypoint command to run the script with the provided --name argument
ENTRYPOINT ["/hello.sh"]

Dockerfile example to trigger a Python script and install the required dependencies:

FROM python:3.7.5-stretch

WORKDIR /app

# Python dependencies
COPY requirements.txt ./
RUN pip3 --no-cache-dir install -r requirements.txt

COPY . ./

ENTRYPOINT [ "python3",  "transform.py" ]

The Dockerfile above describes a base image (Python 3.7.5), the Python dependencies (in requirements.txt) and which script to run (transform.py).

Note: Do not use a WORKDIR under /home! The /home path will be mounted in by Edge Impulse, making your files inaccessible.

If you want to host your docker image on an external registry, you can use Docker Hub and use the username/image:tag in the Docker container field.

Operation modes

We provide three modes to access your data:

• In the Standalone mode, no data is passed to the container, but you can still access data by mounting your bucket onto the container.

• At the Data item level, we pass the --in-directory and --out-directory arguments. The transformation jobs will run on each directory present in your selected path. These jobs can run in parallel.

• At the file level, we pass the --in-file and --out-directory arguments. The transformation jobs will run on each file present in your selected path. These jobs can run in parallel.

Note that for the two last operation modes, you can use query filters to only include certain data items and certain files.

Standalone

The stand-alone method is the most flexible option (it can work on both generic and clinical datasets). You can consider this transformation block as a cloud job that you can use for anything in your machine learning pipelines.

Please note that this mode does not support running jobs in parallel, as it is unknown in advance how many files or how many directories are present in your dataset.

To access your data, you must mount your bucket/upload portal into the container, you can do this both when setting up your transformation block using Edge Impulse CLI, or directly in the studio when creating/editing a transformation block.

Examples

import os, sys, argparse
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Set the arguments
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Organization transformation block')
parser.add_argument('--sensor_name', type=str, required=True, help="Sensor data to extract to create the graph")
parser.add_argument('--bucket_name', type=str, required=False, help="Bucket where your dataset is hosted")
parser.add_argument('--bucket_directory', type=str, required=False, help="Directory in your bucket where your dataset is hosted")

args, unknown = parser.parse_known_args()

sensor_name = args.sensor_name
sensor_file = sensor_name + '.csv'

bucket_name = args.bucket_name
bucket_prefix = args.bucket_directory
mount_prefix = os.getenv('MOUNT_PREFIX', '/mnt/s3fs/')

folder = os.path.join(mount_prefix, bucket_name, bucket_prefix) if bucket_prefix else os.path.join(mount_prefix, bucket_name)

# Check if folder exists
if os.path.exists(folder):
    print('path exist', folder)
    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(folder):
        print("dirpath:",dirpath)
        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(dirpath, sensor_file)):
            print("File exist: ", os.path.join(dirpath, sensor_file))
            
            df = pd.read_csv(os.path.join(dirpath, sensor_file))
            df.index = pd.to_datetime(df['time'], unit='ns')

            # Get a list of all columns except 'time' and 'seconds_elapsed'
            columns_to_plot = [col for col in df.columns if col not in ['time', 'seconds_elapsed']]

            # Create subplots for each selected column
            fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=len(columns_to_plot), ncols=1, figsize=(12, 6 * len(columns_to_plot)))

            for i, col in enumerate(columns_to_plot):
                axes[i].plot(df.index, df[col])
                axes[i].set_title(f'{col} over time')
                axes[i].set_xlabel('time')
                axes[i].set_ylabel(col)
                axes[i].grid(True)

            # Save the figure with all subplots in the same directory
            plt.tight_layout()
            print("Graph created")
            plt.savefig(os.path.join(dirpath, sensor_name))

            # Display the plots (optional)
            # plt.show()
        
        else:
            print("file is missing in directory ", dirpath)
     
else:
    print('Path does not exist')
    sys.exit(1)


print("Finished")
exit(0)

#!/bin/bash

while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
  key="$1"

  case $key in
    --name)
      NAME="$2"
      shift # past argument
      shift # past value
      ;;
    *)
      # Unknown option
      echo "Unknown option: $1"
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac
done

echo "Hello $NAME"

Data item (--in-directory)

When selecting the Data item operation mode, two parameters will be passed to the container:

• --in-directory

• --out-directory

The transformation jobs will run on each "Data item" (directory) present in your selected path or dataset.

--in-directory:  /data/edge-impulse-devrel-team/datasets/activity-detection/Cycling-2023-09-14_06-47-00/
--out-directory:  /home/transform/26773541
--in-file:  None
in-directory has ['Accelerometer.csv', 'Accelerometer.png', 'Annotation.csv', 'Gravity.csv', 'Gyroscope.csv', 'Location.csv', 'LocationGps.csv', 'LocationNetwork.csv', 'Magnetometer.csv', 'Metadata.csv', 'Orientation.csv', 'Pedometer.csv', 'TotalAcceleration.csv']
out-directory has []
Copying file from  /data/edge-impulse-devrel-team/datasets/activity-detection/Cycling-2023-09-14_06-47-00/ to  /home/transform/26773541
out-directory has now ['Accelerometer.csv']

File (--in-file)

When selecting the File operation mode, two parameters will be passed to the container:

• --in-file

• --out-directory

The transformation jobs will run on each file present in selected path.

--in-directory:  None
--out-directory:  /home/transform/26808538
--in-file:  /data/edge-impulse-devrel-team/datasets/activity-detection/Sitting-2023-09-14_09-11-15/Gyroscope.csv
out-directory has []
--in-file path /data/edge-impulse-devrel-team/datasets/activity-detection/Sitting-2023-09-14_09-11-15/Gyroscope.csv exist
coping Gyroscope.csv to /home/transform/26773541
out-directory has now ['Gyroscope.csv']

Compute requests & limits

When editing your block on Edge Impulse Studio, you can set the number of desired CPUs and the memory needed for your container to run properly. Likely, you can set the limits of the same parameters.

Metadata (Data item and file operation modes)

You can update the metadata of blocks directly from a transformation block by creating a ei-metadata.json file in the output directory. The metadata is then applied to the new data item automatically when the transform job finishes. The ei-metadata.json file has the following structure:

{
    "version": 1,
    "action": "add",
    "metadata": {
        "some-key": "some-value"
    }
}

Some notes:

• If action is set to add the metadata keys are added to the data item. If action is set to replace all existing metadata keys are removed.

Mounting points

When using the CLI to setup your block, by default we mount your bucket with the following mounting point:

/mnt/s3fs/your-bucket

You can change this value if you want your transformation block to behave differently.

Custom parameters

See adding parameters to custom blocks dedicated documentation page.

Environmental variables

Transformation blocks get access to the following environmental variables, which let you authenticate with the Edge Impulse API. This way you don't have to inject these credentials into the block. The variables are:

• EI_API_KEY - an API key with 'member' privileges for the organization.

• EI_ORGANIZATION_ID - the organization ID that the block runs in.

• EI_API_ENDPOINT - the API endpoint (default: https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1).

Examples & resources

Standalone

• Label image data using GPT-4o: Label image data using GPT-4o block

• Dall-E Image Generation (Python): Tutorial / GitHub

• Text to speech transform block (Javascript): GitHub

• Fetch a dataset hosted on Kaggle (Python): Github

• Generate graph from sensor csv data (Python): Github

• Hello Edge (Bash): Github

File (--in-file)

• Mix background noise into audio files (Bash script): GitHub

• Access your data - Helper transformation block (Python): Github

• Resample CSV (Python): Github

Data Item (--in-directory)

• Access your data - Helper transformation block (Python): Github

• Check file existence - Add ei_check metadata on file existence (Python): Github

• Merge CSV files - Merge CSV files on a given key (Python): Github

• Merge audio and CSV - Merge audio file and time-series CSV (Python): Github

Recap

Now that you have a better idea of what are transformation blocks, here is a graphical recap of how it works:

Troubleshooting

The job run indefinitely

If you notice that your jobs run indefinitely, it is probably because of an error or the script has not been properly terminated. Make sure to exit your script with code 0 (return 0, exit(0) or sys.exit(0)) for success or with any other error code for failure.

Cannot access files in bucket

If you cannot access your files in your bucket, make sure that the mount point is properly configured.

When using the CLI, it is a common mistake to forget pressing <space> key to select the bucket attached to your organization.

Job failed without logs (only Job failed)

It probably means that we had an issue when triggering the container. In many cases it is related with the issue above, the mount point not being properly configured.

I cannot access the logs

We are still investigating why all the logs are not displayed properly. If you are using Python, you can also flush stdout after you print it using something like print("hello", flush=True).

Can I host my Docker image on Docker Hub?

Yes, you can. You can test this Standalone transformation block if you'd like: luisomoreau/hello_edge:latest

Also, make sure to configure the additional block parameters with this config:

[
    {
        "name": "Name",
        "type": "string",
        "param": "name",
        "value": "",
        "help": "Person to greet"
    }
]

It will print "hello +name" on the transformation job logs.

In this section, you will find a health reference design that describes an end-to-end ML workflow for building a wearable health product using Edge Impulse. It covers an activity study in a clinical lab, where data is recorded from the wearable end device (PPG + accelerometer), a reference device (Polar H10 HR monitor), plus labels (e.g. sitting, running, biking). The data is collected and validated, then written to a clinical dataset in an Edge Impulse organization, and finally imported into an Edge Impulse project where we train a classifier.

It handles data coming from multiple sources, data alignment, and a multi-stage pipeline before the data is imported into an Edge Impulse project. We won't cover in detail all the code snippets, our solution engineers can help you set this end-to-end ML workflow.

With this health reference design section, we want to help you understand how to create a full clinical data pipeline by:

In this section, we will show how to synchronize research data with a bucket in your organizational dataset. The goal of this step is to gather data from different sources and sort them to obtain a sorted dataset (that we will then validate in the next section).

The reference design described in the consists of 10 subjects performing 1.5 - 2 hours of activities in a research lab. Participants have a study ID (e.g. AMS_001) that is used to refer to the participant. For each participant we have 4 CSV files:

• accelerometer.csv - data from the wearable end device.

• ppg.csv - data from the wearable end device.

• polar_h10.csv - reference data from a commercial reference device (Polar H10).

• labels.csv - labels of the activity, as recorded by the research lab.

We've mimicked a proper research study, and have split the data up into two locations.

• accelerometer.csv / ppg.csv - live in the company data lake in S3. The data lake uses an internal structure with non-human readable IDs for each participant (e.g. 2E93ZX for anonymized data):

• polar_h10.csv / labels.csv are uploaded by the research partner to an . The files are prefixed with the study ID:

To create the mapping between the study ID and the internal data lake ID we use a study master sheet. It contains information about all participants, ID mapping, and metadata. E.g.:

Notes: This master sheet was made using a Google Sheet but can be anything. All data (data lake, portal, output) are hosted in an Edge Impulse S3 bucket but can be stored anywhere (see below).

Configuring a storage bucket for your dataset

About datasets

With the storage bucket in place you can create your first dataset. Datasets in Edge Impulse have three layers:

1. The dataset, a larger set of data items, grouped together.

2. Data item, an item with metadata and files attached.

3. Data file, the actual files.

Adding research data to your organization

There are three ways of uploading data into your organization. You can either:

1. Upload data directly to the storage bucket (recommended method). In this case use Add data... > Add dataset from bucket and the data will be discovered automatically.

Sorter and combiner

Sorter

1. Creating a new structure in S3 like this:
2. Syncing the S3 folder with a research dataset in your Edge Impulse organization (like AMS Activity Study 2022).

3. Updating the metadata with the metadata from the master sheet (Age, BMI, etc...).

Combiner

With the data sorted we then:

2. Combine the data into a single Parquet file. This is essentially the contract we have for our dataset. By settling on a standard format (strong typed, same column names everywhere) this data is now ready to be used for ML, new algorithm development, etc. Because we also add metadata for each file here we're very quickly building up a valuable R&D datastore.

Since the creation of Edge Impulse, we have been helping customers to deal with complex data pipelines, complex data transformation methods and complex clinical validation studies.

In most cases, before even thinking about machine learning algorithms, researchers need to build quality datasets from real-world data. These data come from various devices (prototype devices being developed vs clinical/industrial-grade reference devices), have different formats (excel sheets, images, csv, json, etc...), and be stored in various places (researchers' computers, Dropbox folders, Google Drive, S3 buckets, etc...).

Dealing with such complex data infrastructure is time-consuming and expensive to develop and maintain. With the organizational data, we want to give you tools to centralize, validate and transform datasets so they can be easily imported into your projects to train your machine learning models.

Buckets

Before we get started, you must link your organization with one or several storage buckets. First, select where your data lives:

• AWS S3 buckets

• Google Cloud Storage

• Any S3-compatible bucket

And fill the form with your bucket name, region, endpoint access and secret keys:

A green dot indicates that your bucket is connected:

Datasets

Two types of dataset structures can be used - Generic datasets (default) and Clinical datasets.

Create a new dataset

Once you successfully linked your storage bucket to your organization, head to the Datasets tab and click on + Add new dataset:

Fill out the following form:

Click on Create dataset

Data

Adding data to your project

Go to the Actions...->Import data into a project, select the project you wish to import to and click Next, Configure how to label this data:

This will import the data into the project and optionally create a new label for each file in the dataset. This labeling step helps you keep track of different classes or categories within your data.

Previewing Data

We also have added a data preview feature, allowing you to visualize certain types of data directly within the organization data tab.

Supported data types include tables (CSV/Parquet), images, PDFs, audio files (WAV/MP3), and text files (TXT/JSON). This feature gives you a quick overview of your data and helps ensure its integrity and correctness.

Recap

Troubleshooting

CORS Headers

If you see the following message, make sure to add the CORS header to your bucket settings:

You can also add the CORS using the AWS S3 CLI:

with this file cors.json:

One of the most powerful features in Edge Impulse are the built-in deployment targets (under Deployment in the Studio), which let you create ready-to-go binaries for development boards, or custom libraries for a wide variety of targets that incorporate your trained impulse. You can also create custom deployment blocks for your organization. This lets developers quickly iterate on products without getting your embedded engineers involved, lets your customers build personalized firmware using their own data, or lets you create custom libraries.

In this tutorial you'll learn how to use custom deployment blocks to create a new deployment target, and how to make this target available in the Studio for all users in the organization.

Prerequisites

You'll need:

• The .

  • If you receive any warnings that's fine. Run edge-impulse-blocks afterwards to verify that the CLI was installed correctly.

Deployment blocks use Docker containers, a virtualization technique which lets developers package up an application with all dependencies in a single package. If you want to test your blocks locally you'll also need (this is not a requirement):

• installed on your machine.

Then, create a new folder on your computer named custom-deploy-block.

1. Getting basic deployment info

When a user deploys with a custom deployment block two things happen:

1. A package is created that contains information about the deployment (like the sensors used, frequency of the data, etc.), any trained neural network in .tflite and SavedModel formats, the Edge Impulse SDK, and all DSP and ML blocks as C++ code.

2. This package is then consumed by the custom deployment block, which can incorporate it with a base firmware, or repackage it into a new library.

If you now go to the Deployment page, a new option appears under 'Create library':

Once you click Build you'll receive a ZIP file containing five items:

• trained.tflite - if you have a neural network in the project this contains neural network in .tflite format. This network is already fully quantized if you choose the int8 optimization, otherwise this is the float32 model.

• trained.savedmodel.zip - if you have a neural network in the project this contains the full TensorFlow SavedModel. Note that we might update the TensorFlow version used to train these networks at any time, so rely on the compiled model or the TFLite file where possible.

• model-parameters - impulse and block configuration in C++ format. Can be used by the SDK to quickly run your impulse.

• tflite-model - neural network as source code in a way that can be used by the SDK to quickly run your impulse.

Store the unzipped file under custom-deploy-block/input.

2. Building a new binary

With the basic information in place we can create a new deployment block. Here we'll build a standalone application that runs our impulse on Linux, very useful when running your impulse on a gateway or desktop computer. First, open a command prompt or terminal window, navigate to the custom-deploy-block folder (that you created under 1.), and run:

This will prompt you to log in, and enter the details for your block.

2. Unzip under custom-deploy-block/app.

To build this application we need to combine the application with the edge-impulse-sdk, model-parameters and tflite-model folder, and invoke the (already included) Makefile.

2.1 Creating a build script

To build the application we use Docker, a virtualization technique which lets developers package up an application with all dependencies in a single package. In this container we'll place the build tools required for this application, and scripts to combine the trained impulse with the base application.

First, let's create a small build script. As a parameter you'll receive --metadata which points to the deployment information. In here you'll also get information on the input and output folders where you need to read from and write to.

Create a new file called custom-deploy-block/build.py and add:

build.py

Next, we need to create a Dockerfile, which contains all dependencies for the build. These include GNU Make, a compiler, and both the build script and the base application.

Create a new file called custom-deploy-block/Dockerfile and add:

Dockerfile

2.2 Testing the build script with Docker

To test the build script we first build the container, then invoke it with the files from the input directory. Open a command prompt or terminal, navigate to the custom-deploy-block folder and:

1. Build the container:
2. Invoke the build script - this mounts the current directory in the container under /home, and then passes the downloaded metadata script to the container:

Or if you run Windows or macOS, you can use Docker to run this application:

3. Uploading the deployment block to Edge Impulse

With the deployment block ready you can make it available in Edge Impulse. Open a command prompt or terminal window, navigate to the folder you created earlier, and run:

This packages up your folder, sends it to Edge Impulse where it'll be built, and finally is added to your organization. The transformation block is now available in Edge Impulse under Deployment blocks. You can go here to set the logo, update the description, and set extra command line parameters.

Privileged mode

4. Using the deployment block

The deployment block is automatically available for all organizational projects. Go to the Deployment page on a project, and you'll find a new section 'Custom targets'. Select your new deployment target and click Build.

And now you'll have a freshly built binary from your own deployment block!

5. Conclusion

Custom deployment blocks are a powerful tool for your organization. They let you build binaries for unreleased products, let you package up impulse as custom libraries, or can let your customers deploy to private targets (if you add an external collaborator to a project they'll have access to the blocks as well). Because the deployment blocks are integrated with your project, and hosted by Edge Impulse this lets everyone, from FAE to R&D developer, now iterate on on-device models without getting your embedded engineers involved.

Building data pipelines is a very useful feature where you can stack several transformation blocks similar to the . They can be used in a standalone mode (just execute several transformation jobs in a pipeline), to feed a dataset or to feed a project.

The examples in the screenshots below shows how to create and use a pipeline to create the 'AMS Activity 2022' dataset.

Create a pipeline

To create a new pipeline, click on '+Add a new pipeline:

Get the steps from your transformation blocks

In your organization workspace, go to Custom blocks -> Transformation and select Run job on the job you want to add.

Select Copy as pipeline step and paste it to the configuration json file.

You can then paste the copied step directly to the respected field.

Below, you have an option to feed the data to either a organisation dataset or an Edge Impulse project

Schedule and notify

By default, your pipeline will run every day. To schedule your pipeline jobs, click on the ⋮ button and select Edit pipeline.

Once the pipeline has successfully finished, it can send an email to the Users to notify.

Run the pipeline

Once your pipeline is set, you can run it directly from the UI, from external sources or by scheduling the task.

Run the pipeline from the UI

To run your pipeline from Edge Impulse studio, click on the ⋮ button and select Run pipeline now.

Run the pipeline from code

To run your pipeline from Edge Impulse studio, click on the ⋮ button and select Run pipeline from code. This will display an overlay with curl, Node.js and Python code samples.

Webhooks

Another useful feature is to create a webhook to call a URL when the pipeline has ran. It will run a POST request containing the following information:

This is the specification for the deployment-metadata.json file from .

Data transformation or transformation jobs refer to processes that apply specific transformations to the data within an Edge Impulse organizational dataset. These jobs are executed using , which are essentially scripts packaged in Docker containers. They perform a variety of tasks on the data, enabling more advanced and customized dataset transformation and manipulation.

The transformation jobs can be chained together in to automate your workflows.

Overview

Transformation jobs

Create a transformation job

You have several options to create a transformation job:

• From the Data transformation page by selecting the Create job tab.

• From the Custom blocks->Transformation page by selecting the "⋮" action button and selecting Run job.

• From the Data page:

Depending on whether you are on a Default dataset or a Clinical dataset, the view will vary:

Run a transformation job

Again, depending on whether you are on a Default dataset or a Clinical dataset, the view will vary. The common options are the Name of the transformation job, the Transformation block used for the job.

Dataset type options:

Number of parallel jobs

For transformation jobs operating on Data items (directory) or on Files, you can edit the number of parallel jobs to run simultaneously

Users to notify

Finally, you can select users you want to notify over email when this job finishes.

Using Checklists

You can optionally show a check mark in the list of data items, and show a check list for data items. This can be used to quickly view which data items are complete (if you need to capture data from multiple sources) or whether items are in the right format.

Checklists look trivial, but are actually very powerful as they give quick insights in dataset issues. Missing these issues until after the study is done can be super expensive.

Checklists are written to ei-metadata.json and are automatically being picked up by the UI.

Checklists are driven by the metadata for a data item. Set the ei_check metadata item to either 0 or 1 to show a check mark in the list. Set an ei_check_KEYNAME metadata item to 0 or 1 to show the item in the check list.

To query for items with or without a check mark, use a filter in the form of:

Example

For the reference design described and used in the previous pages, the combiner takes in a data item, and writes out:

1. A checklist, e.g.:

   • ✔ - PPG file present

   • ✔ - Accelerometer file present

   • ✘ - Correlation between Polar/PPG HR is at least 0.5

2. If the checklist is OK, a combined.parquet file.

3. A hr.png file with the correlation between HR found from PPG, and HR from the reference device. This is useful for two reasons:

   • If the correlation is too low we're looking at the wrong file, or data is missing.

   • Verify if the PPG => HR algorithm actually works.

Organizational datasets contain a powerful query system which lets you explore and slice data. You control the query system through the 'Filter' text box, and you use a language which is very similar to SQL ().

For example, here are some queries that you can make:

• dataset like '%AMS Activity Study%' - returns all items and files from the study.

• bucket_name = 'edge-impulse-health-reference-design' AND --labels sitting,walking - returns data whose label is 'sitting' and 'walking, and that is stored in the 'edge-impulse-health-reference-design' bucket.

• metadata->ei_check = 0 - return data that have a metadata field 'ei_check' which is '0'.

• created > DATE('2022-08-01') - returns all data that was created after Aug 1, 2022.

After you've created a filter, you can select one or more data items, and select Actions...>Download selected to create a ZIP file with the data files. The file count reflects the number of files returned by the filter.

The previous queries all returned all files for a data item. But you can also query files through the same filter. In that case the data item will be returned, but only with the files selected. For example:

• file_name LIKE '%.png' - returns all files that end with .png.

If you have an interesting query that you'd like to share with your colleagues, you can just share the URL. The query is already added to it automatically.

All available fields

These are all the available fields in the query interface:

• dataset - Dataset.

• bucket_id - Bucket ID.

• bucket_name - Bucket name.

• bucket_path - Path of the data item within the bucket.

• id - Data item ID.

• name - Data item name.

• total_file_count - Number of files for the data item.

• total_file_size - Total size of all files for the data item.

• created - When the data item was created.

• metadata->key - Any item listed under 'metadata'.

• file_name - Name of a file.

• file_names - All filenames in the data item, that you can use in conjunction with CONTAINS. E.g. find all items with file X, but not file Y: file_names CONTAINS 'x' AND not file_names CONTAINS 'y'.

Transformation blocks take raw data from your and convert the data into a different dataset or files that can be loaded in an Edge Impulse project. You can use transformation blocks to only include certain parts of individual data files, calculate long-running features like a running mean or derivatives, or efficiently generate features with different window lengths. Transformation blocks can be written in any language, and run on the Edge Impulse infrastructure.

In this tutorial we build a Python-based transformation block that loads Parquet files, calculates features from the Parquet file, and then writes a new file back to your dataset. If you haven't done so, go through first.

1. Prerequisites

You'll need:

• The .

  • If you receive any warnings that's fine. Run edge-impulse-blocks afterwards to verify that the CLI was installed correctly.

• The file which you can use to test the transformation block. This contains some data from the dataset in Parquet format.

Transformation blocks use Docker containers, a virtualization technique that lets developers package up an application with all dependencies in a single package. If you want to test your blocks locally you'll also need (this is not a requirement):

• installed on your machine.

1.1 - Parquet schema

This is the Parquet schema for the gestures.parquet file which we'll transform:

2. Building your first transformation block

To build a transformation block open a command prompt or terminal window, create a new folder, and run:

This will prompt you to log in, and enter the details for your block. E.g.:

Then, create the following files in this directory:

2.1 - Dockerfile

We're building a Python based transformation block. The Dockerfile describes our base image (Python 3.7.5), our dependencies (in requirements.txt) and which script to run (transform.py).

Note: Do not use a WORKDIR under /home! The /home path will be mounted in by Edge Impulse, making your files inaccessible.

2.2 - requirements.txt

This file describes the dependencies for the block. We'll be using pandas and pyarrow to parse the Parquet file, and numpy to do some calculations.

2.3 - transform.py

This file includes the actual application. Transformation blocks are invoked with three parameters (as command line arguments):

• --in-file or --in-directory - A file (if the block operates on a file), or a directory (if the block operates on a data item) from the organizational dataset. In this case the gestures.parquet file.

• --out-directory - Directory to write files to.

• --hmac-key - You can use this HMAC key to sign the output files. This is not used in this tutorial.

• --metadata - Key/value pairs containing the metadata for the data item, plus additional metadata about the data item in the dataItemInfo key. E.g.: { "subject": "AAA001", "ei_check": "1", "dataItemInfo": { "id": 101, "dataset": "Human Activity 2022", "bucketName": "edge-impulse-tutorial", "bucketPath": "janjongboom/human_activity/AAA001/", "created": "2022-03-07T09:20:59.772Z", "totalFileCount": 14, "totalFileSize": 6347421 } }

Add the following content. This takes in the Parquet file, groups data by their label, and then calculates the RMS over the X, Y and Z axes of the accelerometer.

2.4 - Building and testing the container

On your local machine

To test the transformation block locally, if you have Python and all dependencies installed, just run:

Docker

You can also build the container locally via Docker, and test the block. The added benefit is that you don't need any dependencies installed on your local computer, and can thus test that you've included everything that's needed for the block. This requires Docker desktop to be installed.

To build the container and test the block, open a command prompt or terminal window and navigate to the source directory. First, build the container:

Then, run the container (make sure gestures.parquet is in the same directory):

Seeing the output

This process has generated a new Parquet file in the out/ directory containing the RMS of the X, Y and Z axes. If you inspect the content of the file (e.g. using parquet-tools) you'll see the output:

Success!

3. Pushing the transformation block to Edge Impulse

With the block ready we can push it to your organization. Open a command prompt or terminal window, navigate to the folder you created earlier, and run:

This packages up your folder, sends it to Edge Impulse where it'll be built, and finally is added to your organization.

The transformation block is now available in Edge Impulse under Data transformation > Transformation blocks.

If you make any changes to the block, just re-run edge-impulse-blocks push and the block will be updated.

4. Uploading gestures.parquet to Edge Impulse

Next, upload the gestures.parquet file, by going to Data > Add data... > Add data item, setting name as 'Gestures', dataset to 'Transform tutorial', and selecting the Parquet file.

This makes the gestures.parquet file available from the Data page.

5. Starting the transformation

With the Parquet file in Edge Impulse and the transformation block configured you can now create a new job. Go to Data, and select the Parquet file by setting the filter to dataset = 'Transform tutorial'.

Click the checkbox next to the data item, and select Transform selected (1 file). On the 'Create transformation job' page select 'Import data into Dataset'. Under 'output dataset', select 'Same dataset as source', and under 'Transformation block' select the new transformation block.

Click Start transformation job to start the job. This pulls the data in, starts a transformation job and finally uploads the data back to your dataset. If you have multiple files selected the transformations will also run in parallel.

You can now find the transformed file back in your dataset:

6. Next steps

Appendix: Advanced features

Updating metadata from a transformation block

You can update the metadata of blocks directly from a transformation block by creating a ei-metadata.json file in the output directory. The metadata is then applied to the new data item automatically when the transform job finishes. The ei-metadata.json file has the following structure:

Some notes:

• If action is set to add the metadata keys are added to the data item. If action is set to replace all existing metadata keys are removed.

Environmental variables

Transformation blocks get access to the following environmental variables, which let you authenticate with the Edge Impulse API. This way you don't have to inject these credentials into the block. The variables are:

• EI_API_KEY - an API key with 'member' privileges for the organization.

• EI_ORGANIZATION_ID - the organization ID that the block runs in.

• EI_API_ENDPOINT - the API endpoint (default: https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1).

Custom parameters

Renders the following UI when you run the transformation block:

And the options are passed in as command line arguments to your block:

Upload portals are a secure way to let external parties upload data to your datasets. Through an upload portal they get an easy user interface to add data, but they have no access to the content of the dataset, nor can they delete any files. Data that is uploaded through the portal can be stored on-premise or in your own cloud infrastructure.

In this tutorial we'll set up an upload portal, show you how to add new data, and how to show this data in Edge Impulse for further processing.

1. Configuring a storage bucket

Data is stored in storage buckets, you can either use:

• AWS S3 buckets

• Google Cloud Storage

• Any S3-compatible bucket

See how to configure a bucket.

2. Creating an upload portal

With your storage bucket configured you're ready to set up your first upload portal. In your organization go to Data > Upload portals and choose Create new upload portal. Here, select a name, a description, the storage bucket, and a path in the storage bucket.

Note: You'll need to enable CORS headers on the bucket. If these are not configured you'll get prompted with instructions. Talk to your user success engineer (when your data is hosted by Edge Impulse), or your system administrator to configure this.

After your portal is created a link is shown. This link contains an authentication token, and can be shared directly with the third party.

Click the link to open the portal. If you ever forget the link: no worries. Click the ⋮ next to your portal, and choose View portal.

3. Uploading data to the portal

To upload data you can now drag & drop files or folders to the drop zone on the right, or use Create new folder to first create a folder structure. There's no limit to the amount of files you can upload here, and all files are hashed, so if you upload a file that's already present the file will be skipped.

Note: Files with the same name but with a different hash are overwritten.

4. Using your portal in transformation blocks / clinical data

If you want to process data in a portal as part of a Clinical Pipeline you can either:

1. Mount the portal directly into a transformation block via Custom blocks > Transformation blocks > Edit block, and select the portal under mount points.

2. Mount the bucket that the portal is in, as a transformation block. This will also give you access to all other data in the bucket, very useful if you need to sync other data (see Synchronizing clinical data).

5. Adding the data to your project

If the data in your portal is already in the right format you can also directly import the uploaded data to your project. In your project view, go to Data Sources, **** select 'Upload portal' and follow the steps of the wizard:

6. Recap

Any questions, or interested in the enterprise version of Edge Impulse? Contact us for more information.

Appendix A: Programmatic access to portals

Here's a Python script which uploads, lists and downloads data to a portal. To upload data you'll need to authenticate with a JWT token, see below this script for more info.

# portal_api.py

import requests
import json
import os
import hashlib

PORTAL_TOKEN = os.environ.get('EI_PORTAL_TOKEN')
PORTAL_ID = os.environ.get('EI_PORTAL_ID')
JWT_TOKEN = os.environ.get('EI_JWT_TOKEN')

if not PORTAL_TOKEN:
    print('Missing EI_PORTAL_TOKEN environmental variable.')
    print('Go to a portal, and copy the part after "?token=" .')
    print('Then run:')
    print('    export EI_PORTAL_TOKEN=ec61e...')
    print('')
    print('You can add the line above to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file to automatically load the token in the future.')
    exit(1)

if not PORTAL_ID:
    print('Missing EI_PORTAL_ID environmental variable.')
    print('Go to a portal, open the browser console, and look for "portalId" in the "Hello world from Edge Impulse" object to find it.')
    print('Then run:')
    print('    export EI_PORTAL_ID=122')
    print('')
    print('You can add the line above to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file to automatically load the token in the future.')
    exit(1)

if not JWT_TOKEN:
    print('WARN: Missing EI_JWT_TOKEN environmental variable, you will only have write-only access to the portal')
    print('Run `python3 get_jwt_token.py` for instructions on how to set the token')
    print('(this requires access to the organization that owns the portal)')

def get_file_hash(path):
    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
        return hashlib.md5(f.read()).hexdigest()

def create_upload_link(file_name_in_portal, path):
    url = "https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1/api/portals/" + PORTAL_ID + "/upload-link"

    payload = json.dumps({
        'fileName': file_name_in_portal,
        "fileSize": os.path.getsize(path),
        "fileHash": get_file_hash(path)
    })
    headers = {
        'accept': "application/json",
        'content-type': "application/json",
        'x-token': PORTAL_TOKEN
    }

    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers)

    if (response.status_code != 200):
        raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    j = response.json()
    if (not j['success']):
        raise Exception('api request did not succeed ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    return j['url']

def upload_file_to_s3(signed_url, path):
    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
        response = requests.request("PUT", signed_url, data=f, headers={})

        if (response.status_code != 200):
            raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

def upload_file_to_portal(file_name_in_portal, path):
    print('Uploading', file_name_in_portal + '...')
    link = create_upload_link(file_name_in_portal, path)
    upload_file_to_s3(link, path)
    print('Uploading', file_name_in_portal, 'OK')
    print('')


def create_download_link(file_name_in_portal):
    url = "https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1/api/portals/" + PORTAL_ID + "/files/download"

    payload = json.dumps({
        'path': file_name_in_portal,
    })
    headers = {
        'accept': "application/json",
        'content-type': "application/json",
        'x-token': PORTAL_TOKEN,
        'x-jwt-token': JWT_TOKEN
    }

    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers)

    if (response.status_code != 200):
        raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    j = response.json()
    if (not j['success']):
        raise Exception('api request did not succeed ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    return j['url']

def download_file_from_s3(signed_url):
    response = requests.request("GET", signed_url, headers={})

    if (response.status_code != 200):
        raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    return response.content

def download_file_from_portal(file_name_in_portal):
    print('Downloading', file_name_in_portal + '...')
    link = create_download_link(file_name_in_portal)
    f = download_file_from_s3(link)
    print('Downloading', file_name_in_portal, 'OK')
    print('')
    return f


def list_files_in_portal(prefix):
    url = "https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1/api/portals/" + PORTAL_ID + "/files"

    payload = json.dumps({
        'prefix': prefix,
    })
    headers = {
        'accept': "application/json",
        'content-type': "application/json",
        'x-token': PORTAL_TOKEN
    }

    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers)

    if (response.status_code != 200):
        raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    j = response.json()
    if (not j['success']):
        raise Exception('api request did not succeed ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    return j['files']

# this is how you upload files to a portal using the Edge Impulse API
# first argument is the path in the portal, second is the location of the file
upload_file_to_portal('test.jpg', '/Users/janjongboom/Downloads/test.jpg')

# uploading to a subdirectory
upload_file_to_portal('flowers/daisy.jpg', '/Users/janjongboom/Downloads/daisy-resized.jpg')

# listing files
print('files in root folder', list_files_in_portal(''))
print('files in "flowers/"', list_files_in_portal('flowers/'))

# downloading a file
if JWT_TOKEN:
    buffer = download_file_from_portal('flowers/daisy.jpg')
    with open('output.jpg', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(buffer)
else:
    print('Not downloading files, EI_JWT_TOKEN not set')

print('Done!')

And here's a script to generate JWT tokens:

# get_jwt_token.py

import requests
import json
import argparse

def get_token(username, password):
    url = "https://studio.edgeimpulse.com/v1/api-login"

    payload = json.dumps({
        'username': username,
        "password": password,
    })
    headers = {
        'accept': "application/json",
        'content-type': "application/json",
    }

    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers)

    if (response.status_code != 200):
        raise Exception('status code was not 200, but ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    j = response.json()
    if (not j['success']):
        raise Exception('api request did not succeed ' + str(response.status_code) + ' - ' + response.text)

    return j['token']


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Get Edge Impulse JWT token')
    parser.add_argument('--username', type=str, required=True, help="Username or email address")
    parser.add_argument('--password', type=str, required=True)

    args, unknown = parser.parse_known_args()

    token = get_token(args.username, args.password)

    print('JWT token is:', token)
    print('')
    print('Use this in portal_api.py via:')
    print('    export EI_JWT_TOKEN=' + token)
    print('')
    print('You can add the line above to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc file to automatically load the token in the future.')
    print('Note: This token is valid for a limited time!')